NUEVAS FUENTES DE ANTIOXIDANTES NATURALES: CARACTERIZACIÓN DE COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS EN CINCO FRUTOS NATIVOS DE CHILE

ME. Romero Román; F. Noriega Vásquez; M. Farías Villagra; P. Jara Zapata; B. Vera Flores; MD. López Belchi

doi:10.47187/perf.v2i22.54

Autores/as

ME. Romero Román Universidad de Concepción, Chile
F. Noriega Vásquez Universidad de Concepción, Chile
M. Farías Villagra Universidad de Concepción, Chile
P. Jara Zapata Universidad de Concepción, Chile
B. Vera Flores Universidad de Concepción, Chile
MD. López Belchi Universidad de Concepción, Chile

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47187/perf.v2i22.54

Palabras clave:

berries, polifenoles, antocianinas, capacidad antioxidante, HPLC-DAD

Resumen

Diferentes berries de la zona centro y sur de Chile fueron analizados con el fin de buscar fuentes promisorias de polifenoles con clara actividad sobre la salud humana. Se estudiaron cinco bayas nativas: arrayan, frutilla blanca, murtilla y calafate, y un berry tradicional (uva tintorera). Se determinó in vitro sus propiedades antioxidantes según el ensayo de polifenoles totales de Folin Ciocalteu, antocianinas por pH diferencial, capacidad antioxidante por medición de capacidad de reducción del radical libre 2.2-difenil-1- picrilhidracilo (DPPH) y poder de reducción férrica (FRAP) y perfil químico por HPLC-DAD. De los cinco berries, calafate registró el valor más alto (1066,4 ± 24,9 mg GAE/100g de muestra) para polifenoles totales y antocianinas (1031,9 ± 48,1 mg de cianidina-3-glucósido/100g de muestra) seguido por uva tintorera. Calafate presentó excelente poder reductor (11279,2 ± 2027,4 μmol Trolox/100g ensayo FRAP y 5235,0 ±445,9, μmol/100g en DPPH). El perfil químico de antocianinas mostró delfinidina, cianidina, malvidina, petunidina, peonidina y pelargonidina en los cinco berries. Alrededor de 30 flavonoles derivados de quercetina, myricetina e isorhamnetina fueron identificados así cómo elagitaninos presentes en frutilla blanca, compuestos muy interesantes para estudios posteriores. Estos resultados contribuyen a destacar el uso potencial de estos berries como alimentos funcionales.

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