PHYSICO -CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM, THAT PROVIDES WATER TO HANDMADE FRESH CHEESE FACTORIES LOCATED IN QUIMIAG-RIOBAMBA-ECUADOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47187/perf.v1i21.43Keywords:
handmade cheese factories, water quality, fecal coliform bacteria, parasitesAbstract
The quality of the water used in food processing plants, affects the quality of the final product, therefore its analysis and control are needed. This study analyzed the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the water supply system that provides to the handmade cheese factories located in Quimiag, a rural area in Ecuador. Fourteen points were sampled along the system water supply (3 natural water sources, 3 catchment tanks, 1 storage and deliverated tank, 5 faucets and 2 storage tanks located in the handmade cheese factories). At each point triplicate samples were taken. The analyses carried out were: turbidity, color, pH, conductivity, total solids, nitrates, nitrites, f luorides, fecal coliform bacteria, and parasites. These were did according to Ecuadorian and Mexican technical standars. The results show that water from all sampling points meets the physico-chemical parameters required by the standard NTE INEN 1108 (Ecuadorian drinking water requirements), but only the samples from the natural water sources meet to microbiological parameters, but it keeps increasing the bacteria and parasites counting when the water f lows along the system. As long as Quimiag does not have a water treatment plant, the handmade cheese factories and the population in general should chlorinate the water in order to kill microorganisms and avoid cross-contamination.
Downloads
References
Arispe I, Tapia M. Inocuidad y calidad: requisitos indispensables para la protección de la salud de los consumidores. Agroalimentaria. 2017; 13: 105-117.
Fente-Sampayo C, Vazquez-Belda B, Franco-Abuin C, Quinto-Fernandez E, Cepeda-Saez A. Inf luencia de las buenas prácticas de fabricación en la contaminacion fúngica del queso de Arzúa. Cienc. Tecnol. Aliment. 2001; 3: 169–172.
Godi K. The Microbiological quality of raw milk after introducing the two day â€TM s milk collecting system. 2008; 1: 61–74.
De Silva S, Kanugala K, Weerakkody N. Microbiological quality of raw milk and effect on quality by implementing good management practices. Procedia Food Science. 2016; 6: 92–6.
Arguello P, Lucero O, Castillo G, Escobar S, Albuja A, et al. Calidad microbiológica de los quesos artesanales elaborados en zonas rurales de Riobamba (Ecuador). Perspectiva. 2015; 16: 65-74.
Arguello P, Escobar S, Espinoza C, Albuja A. Calidad microbiológica de la materia prima, suero y producto terminado en las queseras artesanales: Quimiag-Ecuador. En: Sin editor. Libro de Memorias. VII Congreso iberoamericano de Ciencias Farmacéuticas (COIFFA); 29 y 30 noviembre, 1 diciembre 2017, Riobamba. Ecuador: Sin editor; 2018. P. 156-162.
Nerín C, Aznar M, Carrizo D. Food contamination during food process. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2016; 48: 63-68.
NORMA NTE. INEN 2169:2013. Calidad del agua. Muestreo. Manejo y conservación de mues- tras.
NORMA NTE. INEN 1105:2012 Aguas. Muestreo para exámen microbiológico.
NORMA MEXICANA NMX-AA-042-SCFI-2015. Análisis de agua - enumeración de organis- mos coliformes totales, organismos coliformes fecales (termotolerantes) y Escherichia coli – método del número más probable en tubos múltiples.
Arnedo I, Bracho M, Díaz-Suárez O, Botero L. Técnicas para la detección de Cryptosporidium sp. en sistemas de tratamiento de agua residual. Kasmera [Internet]. 2008 [citado 1 Enero 2018]; 3: 120-128. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pi- d=S0075-52222008000200004&lng=es.
Pérez-Cordón Gregorio, Rosales María J., Valdez Renzo A., Vargas-Vásquez Franklin, Cordova Ofelia. Detección de parásitos intestinales en agua y alimentos de Trujillo, Perú. Rev. Perú. Med. Exp. Salud Pública [Internet]. 2008 [citado 15 Mayo 2018]; 25: 144-148. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S172646342008000100018&lng=es.
NORMA NTE. INEN 1108:2014. Agua potable requisitos.
Abu R. Water Chemestry and Microbiology. En: Chormey D, Bakirdere S, Turan N, Engin G, editores. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, Vol 81. Netherlands: Elsevier; 2018. p. 1-56.
Silva E, Murillo C, Nava G, Cárdenas O, Peralta A, et al. Microbiological and chemical quality of water used in Colombian food industries. Biomédica. 2010; 30: 421-431.
García RR, Muñoz CM, Vizcaino DH, Veguillas DL, Acevedo L. Calidad del agua de fuentes de manantial en la zona básica de salud de Sigüenza. Rev Esp Salud Pública [Internet]. 2003 [citado 30 Julio 2018]; 77: 423–32. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/170/17077312.pdf
Rodríguez S, Asmundis C, Ayala M, Arzú, O. Presencia de indicadores microbiológicos en agua para consumo humano en San Cosme (Corrientes, Argentina). Revista veterinaria [Internet]. 2018 [citado 25 Junio 2018]; 29: 9-12. Disponible en: http://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/ view/2779/2460
Arcos D, Ávila S, Estupiñán M, Gómez A. Indicadores microbiológicos de contaminación de las fuentes de agua. Nova [Internet]. 2005 [consultado 25 Julio 2018]; 3: 69–79. Disponible en: http:// www.unicolmayor.edu.co/invest_nova/NOVA/ARTREVIS2_4.pdf
Daivila J, Reyes G, Corzo O. Evaluación microbiológica de las diferentes etapas del proceso de elaboración de queso tipo Gouda en una industria venezolana. Arch Latinoam Nutr [Internet]. 2006 [consultado 30 Julio 2018]; 56: 1–10. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6996893_Microbiological_assessment_of_the_Gouda-type_cheese-making_process_in_a_ Venezuelan_industry
Caccio S, Chalmers R. Human cryptosporidiosis in Europe. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2016; 22:471-480. Ryan U, Cacciò S. Zoonotic potential of Giardia. International journal for parasitology. 2013;43: 943-956.
Cerqueira M, Picinin L, Fonseca L, Souza M, Leite M, et al. Microbiological quality of milk through preventive techniques in the handling of production. Ciênc. Agrotec. [Internet]. 2005 [consultado 30 Julio 2018]; 29: 216–222. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cagro/v29n1/a27.pdf
Clasen T, Schmidt W, Rabie T, Roberts I, Cairncross S. Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2007; 334: 782-782.
Burke N, Dwyer J, Southern M, Adley C. An analysis of the microbial quality of water in a milk production plant. Food Sci Technol [Internet]. 2017 [citado 15 Septiembre 2018]; 78: 41–46. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643816307277
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
